Gearing for lathes.



PATENTED JULY'18, 1905.

B. M. W. HANSON. GEARING FOR LATHES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 13 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Wbzesses No. 795,222- PATENTED JULY 18, 1905. B. M. W. HANSON.

GEARING FOR LATHES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 13, 1904.

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' PATENTED JULY 18, 1905. B. M. W. HANSON. GEARING r011 LATHES.

APPLIGATION FILED OCT- 13, 1904.

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PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

B. M. W. HANSON. GEARING FOR LATHES. APFLIQATION FILED 001213, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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NITED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

BENGT M. IV. HANSON, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO PRATT & \VHITNEY COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF N EIV JERSEY.

GEARING FOR LATHES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 795,222, dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed October 13, 1904. Serial No. 228,325.

To all wit/mt it nuoy concern.-

Be it known that I, BENGT M. W. HANSON, a citizen of Sweden, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gearing for Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to engine-lathes, and more particularly to improvements in the gearin employed for transmitting power from the spindle to the lead-screw.

Heretofore a pinion carried by a lever fitted for sliding and rocking movement upon a driving-shaft has been employed for transmitting power through an idler to any of the series of variable-speed gears of the cone carried by the shaft for driving the lead-screw, and means have been provided for locking this lever, so that the idler carried thereby may be held in mesh with the desired gear of the cone. In these old constructions the shaft upon which the shiftable lever is mounted is of small diameter, and conseqluently is liable to flexure under the strain, t iereby causing chattering and lost motion of the enmeshed gears.

Primarily the object of my invention is the provision of improvements in the gearing for transmitting motion to the shaft carrying the variable-speed gears whereby the defects above mentioned are avoided and a compact and steady drive is furnished one that will respond to all requirements and will not be liable to derangement from any cause.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a barrel-pinion of considerable diameter journaled for rotation in fixed bearings of the frame, a sleeve having a longitudinal slot surrounding said barrelpinion, and a gearshifting lever having a hub splined to the sleeve, so that said lever may be longitudinally shifted on said sleeve and may be rocked with said sleeve to bring the idler into mesh with the cone-gear desired.

'Other objects of the invention will be hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of part of an engine-lathe involving my invention. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 with parts in longitudinal vertical section, the section being taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a side view, partially in section, the latter taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is an end elevation, partiallyin section. Fig. 5 is a plan View of the sleeve, barrel-pinion, and lever by which the idler is carried, a shifted position of said lever and idler being shown by dotted lines. Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal vertical section on line 6 6 of Fig. 1, showing the idler in a position out of mesh with one of the variable-speed gears; and Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, showing the idler carried by the shiftable lever in mesh with a gear of the cone and. also showing the means for shifting the key into engagement with the desired gear of a drivingtrain.

Like characters designate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the'drawings, the numeral 1 designates the bed of the lathe, 2 the headstock, 3 the live-spindle, 4 the cone-pulley of said spindle, 5 a gear rigid with the spindle, and 6 an idler in mesh with said'gear and loose on a shiftable stud 7, projecting from one of the bearing-standards 8 8 of said head-stock.

J ournaled in a bushing 9 of the rear standard 8 and in bearings 10, 11, and 11 of the head stock and a hood A secured thereto is a shaft 12, and loosely mounted on said shaft adjacent to the bearing 11 is a combined spur and bevel gear 13, the spur part of said gear being in mesh with the pinion 6. Also loosely mounted on shaft 12 is an inwardly-facing bevel-gear 14 in mesh with a bevel-gear 15, loose on a stud 16, projecting from a web 17, uniting the bearings 11 and 11. Splined to shaft 12 intermediate the gears 13 and 14 is a clutch 18, having teeth 19 19, one on each side, and provided with a groove intermediate said teeth to receive a fork 20, carried by a shiftable rod 21, connected at its forward end to a lever 22, having a hub pivotedion a shaft 23 of the bed and connected at its lower end to a stop-carrying rod 24, the stops of which (not shown) are adapted to be alternately engaged by a lug on the carriage 25 in the usual manner. These parts constitute one kind of reversing mechanism which may be employed, the invention, however, not being limited in this respect.

Keyed to the shaft 12 outside of the standard 8 are gears 26, 27, and 28 of different diameters, and these gears are in mesh with gears 29, 30, and 31, loose on. a hollow shaft 32, journaled in bearings 33 33 of the hood A. Rigid with the outer end of shaft 32 is a gear 34, and said gear intermeshes with a change-gear mounted on a stud 36 in the slot 38 of a swinging yoke 39,hereinafter described.

Of the series of gears rigid. with shaft 12 26 is the largest and is in mesh with. the small gear 29, loose on shaft 32, and when said gear 29 is keyed to shaft 32 the highest speed will be imparted to said shaft. Gears 27 and 30 are of the same diameter, and to impart a slow speed to said shaft 32 the small gear 28 drives the large gear 31 and the shaft 32 when the said gear 31 is connected to said shaft.

To connect the desired loose gear of the train to shaft 32 any desired appliances may be employed; but I have shown. for this purpose a rod 40, slotted at to receive a pivoted arm 41, having at one end a key 42, adapted to a keyway in the hub of each gear 29, 30, and 31 and provided with a heel 43 extending beyond its pivot.

Mounted in a chamber of the rod is a spring-actuated plunger 44, which bears constantly against the heel of the arm and tends to throw the key 42 thereof upward, as shown in Fig. 2. This key has a rounded or sloping forward end, so that it may be readily engaged with the keyway of the desired gear when the rod 40 is actuated by means now to be described.

At its inner end the sliding rod 40 is pro vided with a grooved head 45 to receive pins 46, carried by a fork 47, the stem of which. is secured to a rock-shaft 48, mounted in the bed and having keyed to its outer end an arm 49, provided with a tubular extension for receiving the usual spring-actuated detent 51, the latter being adapted to engage any of aseries of holes 52 in a sector 53, secured to the bed, as shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 2 the key 42 is shown in engagement with the small gear 29, and it is locked in place therein by the detent 51, which enters the inner hole l of the series 52 in sector 53, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

From what has been stated it will be seen that any desired speed may be imparted to the shaft 32 by shifting the key and then locking it in engagement with the desired gear in the manner described.

Mounted in bearings 54 and 55, fitted in openings of the frame, is a shaft 56, provided with reduced journals and a long pinion 58 intermediate said journals, and said shaft carries at its outer end a gear 59,in mesh with the idler 35. Loosely mounted upon reduced portions 54 and of bearings 54 and 55 and located between shoulders 54 and 55 back of said reduced portions is a sleeve 60, having a comparatively wide lOl'lgitUClll'ltLl slot or gap 61 and a groove 62 for the reception of a spline or feather 63, carried by the hub 64 of an arm or lever 65, passing at its free end through a slot 66 in the frame. Said hub 64 is slotted at 67 to conform to the slot or longitudinal gap 61 in the sleeve 60, both slots serving to permit a gear 68, carried by a shaft 69, journaled in bearings 70 of the pivoted. lever-arm 65, to be engaged with the barrel-pinion 58 and to be thrown while in constant mesh therewith from the position shown in Fig. 6 to that represented in Fig. 7.

A series of holes 71 is formed in the hood G for the reception of a spring-actuated plunger 72, carrying a knob 73, by which it may be manipulated, and said hood is curved on an arc concentric with the axis of the barrel pinion 58, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, so that when the arm is rocked the pinion 68 will always mesh with said barrel-pinion.

J ournaled in bearings 74 of the frame is a shaft 75, carrying the cone of gears, desig nated generally by 76, and composed of gears 77, 78, s0, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, 86, 87, and 88, arranged in step-like order and each rigidly secured to said shaft 75.

At its inner end, adjacent to the bearing 74, the shaft 75 is provided with a gear 89 in mesh with a gear 90, carried by the leadscrew shaft 91, the thread of the latter working in the usual nut (not shown) of the carriage 25.

In the operation of the improved machine power is applied to the pulley 4 of live-spindle 3 through the usual back gearing (designated in a general way by B in Fig. 4) and is transmitted. by gear 5 to pinion 6 and from thence to the combined spur and bevel pinion 13, loose on shaft 12, and when clutch 18 is in engagement with said pinion the shaft 12 and gears 26, 27, and 28 are driven in the same direction as the spindle. Power is then transmitted from the gear 29, 30, or 31, with which the key 42 is in engagement, to the shaft 32 and from the gear 34 on the end of said shaft, through the interchangeable change-gear 35, to pinion 59 on the shaft of the barrel-pinion 58. Knob 73 is now manipulated to release the plunger 72, and the arm 65 is adjusted in the slot 66 of the bed to slide its hub along the sleeve 60 to carry the pinion 68 opposite the desired gear of the cone 76, after which the pin is withdrawn and the arm swung upward until said pin snaps into the hole 71 in the frame immediately below the gear of the cone selected, thereby throwing said pinion into mesh with said gear and through the gears 89 and 90, thus driving the lead-screw shaft 91 at the desired speed for the work to be accomplished. To

reverse thelead-screw and retract the carriage, the clutch 18 is thrown into contact with bevel-gear 1-1, which through the idlerbevel l5 meshing with the bevel-teeth of the driven gear 13 and the train of gearing described accomplishes this result.

By referring to Figs 6 and 7 it will be seen that as the hub of the lever is keyed to the sleeve said sleeve and lever rock in unison and that therefore the slots 61 and 67 are always kept in proper registration to permit the engagement of gear 68 with the barrel-pinion 58.

By employing the cone of gears 76 and the shiftable pinion 68 it will be seen that any required speed of the lead-screw to suit the pitch of the screw to be cut may be effected, and if a pitch of a different standardfor instance, one of the metric system should be required this can readily be cut by substituting the desired change-gear 35 for the one in use, and thus driving the lead-screw and carriage at the proper speed. It will be observed that the ends of the shaft 32 and the journal of barrel-pinion 58 project beyond the frame, so that the change-gear system may readily be placed in position.

While a cone of gears is shown as one of the elements for accomplishing the desired changes of speed in the lead-screw, it is distinctly to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, for various mechanisms may be substituted for said cone without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the barrel-pinion, the slotted sleeve surrounding and sustaining the same, and the gear-carrying lever having a slot in registration with the slot in the sleeve may be used in relations other than that shown and described, if desired.

Changes may be made in the form and proportions of the various elements driven from the live-spindle without departure from my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The combination, with driving mechanism, of a pinion; a rocking sleeve surrounding the pinion and having an opening; a slotted device connected to and rocking with the sleeve; a gear carried by said device and driven by the pinion; and a shaft driven by said gear.

2. The combination, with driving mechanism, of a pinion; a rocking sleeve sur rounding said pinion, and having a longitudinal slot; a device fitted for sliding movement upon the sleeve, and connected for rocking movement with said sleeve, said device having a slot registering with the slot of the sleeve; a gear carried by said device, and in mesh with the pinion; and a shaft driven by said gear.

3. The combination, with a shaft, of variable-speed gearing; means for connecting said gearing with the shaft; a driven pinion; a slotted sleeve movable around said pinion; an arm having a slotted hub, said hub being connected to the sleeve for sliding movement thereon; a gear carried by the arm, and in constant mesh with the pinion; and means for locking the arm when it is shifted to throw the gear into engagement with the desired member of said variable-speed gearing.

4. The combination, with a gear-cone, of a shaft driven by the shaft of said gear-cone; a barrel-pinion; mechanism for driving said pinion; a slotted sleeve surrounding said pinion, and movable in an arcuate path; a lever having a slotted hub connected to the sleeve and slidable thereon; and a gear carried by the lever and adapted to be engaged thereby with any gear of the cone.

5. The combination, with a frame having bearings, of a long pinion journaled in said bearings; a slotted, rocking sleeve surrounding the pinion, and supported at its ends; a slotted hub connected for sliding movement to the sleeve; an arm projecting from the hub, and by which it may be manipulated to rock the sleeve; a gear carried by the arm, and in constant mesh with the pinion; variable-speed gearing with any member of which the gear may be engaged; a shaft; and means for connecting the shaft of the variable-speed gearing with said shaft.

6. The combination, with a driven pinion, of a slotted rocking device surrounding and sustaining said pinion; a rocking lever sleeved and slidable upon said device; a connection between said lever and device; and a gear carried by said lever, and in constant mesh with the pinion.

7. The combination, with a pinion, and with mechanism including'a change-gear for driving said pinion, of a slotted sleeve mounted for rotary movement, said sleeve surrounding and sustaining the pinion; a rocking lever-arm having a slotted hub splined to the sleeve; a gear carried by the lever-arm; means for locking the lever-arm when shifted and a gear-train driven by said gear carried by the lever-arm.

8. The combination, with a shaft having journals, of a barrel-pinion, carried by said shaft; bearings in which said journals are mounted; a slotted sleeve surrounding and sustaining the pinion and mounted between shoulders of the bearings; a frame; a lever projecting through a slot of the frame, and having a slotted hub connected to the sleeve for rocking movement therewith, and slidable thereon; a gear carried by the lever; and a gear-cone with any element of which the gear on the lever may be engaged.

9. The combination, with framework having tubular bearings provided with shoulders and reduced portions, of a driven pinion having journals mounted on the bearings; a

slotted sleeve surrouiuling the pinion, and having ends fitted for rocking movement on the reduced portirms of and located adjacent to the shoulders of the bearings; gearing driven by the pinion; and adevice actuated by said gearing.

10. The combination, with. a barrel-pinion, of a slotted sleeve surrounding said pinion; a device for rocking the sleeve; a gear carried by said device, and passing through the slot of the sleeve; a gear-train. driven by said gear; and a device actuated by said geartrain.

11. The combii'iation, with a barrel-pinion journaled in bearings of the frame, of a longitudinally-slotted sleeve surrounding said. barrel-pinion, and supported at its ends for rocking movement on said bearings; an arm having a hub in sliding engagement with the sleeve, and also having a slot registering with the slot in the sleeve; a gear journaled in said arm, and passing through. the slotted hub and sleeve to engage the barrel-pinion; a detent for locking the arm when adjusted along and rocked with said sleeve; a'cone-gear; and a pinion carried by the shaft of the cone-gear.

12. The combination, with a barrel-pinion; of a rocking sleeve having a slot; a gear shiftable along said sleeve, and projecting through the slot thereof; and. means for rocking and shifting said gear and sleeve.

13. The combination, with a barrel-pinion journaled in fixed bearings, of a device for supporting said pinion and mounted on the bearings thereof; means for rocking said device; a gear carriedby said device; a train of gearing actuated by the gear; and mechanism driven by the shaft of said gear-train.

l-it. The combination, with a barrel-pinion, of a slotted sleeve surrounding said. pinion; a slotted hub connected for sliding movement to the sleeve; a device for shifting the hub along the sleeve, and for conjointly rocking the hub and sleeve; a gear journaled in said device and passing through the slots of the hub and sleeve; and. mechanism driven by said gear.

15. The combination, with a series of gears of different sizes, of a driven shaft on which said gears are loosely mounted; a clutch for locking any of said gears to the shaft; gearing driven by said shaft; a barrel-pinion having a shaft actuated by an element of said gearing; a slotted sleeve surrouneing said pinion, and rockable thereon; a slotted hub shiftable along said sleeve, and .rockable therewith; a gear carried by said hub; mechanism actuated by said gear; and. a device actuated by said mechanism.

16. The combination, with a driven bar rel- )inion, of fixed bearings in which the shaft of said pinion. is journalcd; a slotted sleeve mounted on the bearings, and surrounding i l i 1 able thereon; a hub having a slot registering with the slot of the sleeve, and connected for sliding movement to the sleeve; a leverarm projecting from the hub through a slot in the frame; a detent carried by the lever-arm; a gear journaled on the lever-arm and passing through the slotted hub and. sleeve constantly to engage the barrel-pinion; a shaft having gears of different diameters, with any of which the gear may be engaged; and a device actuated by said shaft.

17. The eombin ation, with framework having a slot and a series of openings, of a driven barrel-pinion j ournaled in said framework; a longitudin ally-slotted sleeve surrounding said barrel-pinion and. supported against longitudinal movement; a longitudinally-slotted hub means for connecting the hub and sleeve, said means permitting a sliding movement of the hub on the sleeve; an arm carried by the hub, and projecting through the slot of the frame; a spring-actuated detent having a manipulating-knob mounted in the arm, and adapted to engage any of the series of holes in the frame; a gear journalcd 0n the arm, and in constant mesh with the barrelpinion; a cone-gear with any element of which said gear may be engaged; and mech anism actuated by the shaft of said conegear.

18. The combination, with a spindle, of a shaft; reversing mechanism on said shaft; a clutch in said reversing mechanism; a series of gears of different sizes keyed to the shaft; a tubular shaft driven by said last-mentioned shaft; gears of different sizes loosely moun ted on said tubular shaft; means for locking any of said gears to said shaft; mechanism driven by said shaft, including a barrel-pinion; a slotted sleeve surrounding the barrel-pinion; an arm having a slotted hub, said hub being splined to the sleeve; a gear journaled on the arm and in mesh with the barrelpinion; a variable-speed gear-train driven by said gear; and mechanism operated by the geartrain.

19. The combination, with. a spindle, of a shaft driven by said spindle; reversing mechanism loose on. said. shaft, and including a clutch splined. to the shaft between two ele ments of the reversing mechanism means for actuating the clutch; a series of gears of different diameters keyed to the shaf a tubular shaft having a longitudinal slot; a series of gears of different diameters loose on said shaft; a slotted rod fitted in said tubular shaft; a key pivoted to the rod; aspring-actuated plunger bearing against the heel of the key; means for shifting said rod to engage the key with the desired gear loose on the tubular shaft; and gearing driven by the tubular shaft when a loose gear is connected thereto.

20. The combination, with a shaft, of a and sustaining said barrel-pinion, and rockgear-cone carried by the shaft; a barrel-pinion; a 'frame; bearings in the frame for the journals of said barrel-pinion, each bearing having a reduced portion and a shoulder; a longitudinally-slotted rocking sleeve mounted at its ends on the reduced portions of the bearings, and prevented from longitudinal movement by the shoulders thereof; a lever extending through a slot of the framework and having at its inner end a longitudinallyslotted hub in sliding connection with the rocking sleeve; a gear journaled on the lever and in constant mesh with the barrel-pinion a detent for locking the lever when adjusted to throw the gear thereon into mesh with the desired element of the gear-cone; a spindle; and intermediate variable-speed and reversing mechanism driven by said spindle, and serving to actuate the barrel-pinion.

21. The combination, with a driven barrel-pinion, of a longitudinally-slotted sleeve surrounding said pinion and prevented from longitudinal movement, but free for rocking movement thereon; a device for rocking said sleeve and looking it when rocked; a gear car ried by said device, and in constant mesh with the barrel pinion; and mechanism driven by said gear.

22. The combination, with a spindle, of variable-speed mechanism, including looselymounted gears driven from said spindle; reversing mechanism also driven from the spindle, and including a movable clutch; means for clutching any loosely-mounted member of the variable-speed mechanism to its shaft; a barrelpinion; gearing intermediate the shaft on which the loose gears are carried and said barrel-pinion; a longitudinallyslotted, rocking sleeve surrounding the barrel-pinion; an arm having a slotted hub con nected to the sleeve for sliding movement thereon; a gear carried by said arm, passing through the slots of the hub and sleeve and in constant mesh with the barrel-pinion; and a gear-cone with any element of which the gear on the arm may be engaged.

23 The combination, with a driven barrel-pinion, of a curved hood concentric to the barrelpinion, and having an inclined slot and a series of openings adjacent to said slot; an arm projecting through the slot; a detent carried by said arm; a longitudmally-slotted sleeve surrounding the barrel -pinion, and connected to the arm; a gear carried by the arm; and mechanism operated by the gear.

24. The combination, with a driven barrel-pinion, of a curved hood concentric to the barrel-pinion, and having a slot and a series of openings; a longitudinally-slotted sleeve surrounding the barrel-pinion and free to rock thereon; a longitudinally-slotted arm having a hub splined to the sleeve, said arm passing through the slot in the curved hood; a detent carried by the free end of said arm; a gear journaled on the arm and in constant mesh with the barrelpinion, and mechanism driven by said gear.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BEN GT M. W. HANSON.

Witnesses:

H. E. BAILEY, N. S. BATES. 

